Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC): How IT Systems are Built
A guide to the stages of software creation. Learn about SDLC, compare Waterfall and Agile models, and prepare for IT certification.
Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
Creating an application is more than just writing code. It is a process similar to building a house: from the foundations to the interior finishing. SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) is a set of rules and stages that ensure a project doesn't collapse under its own weight and is delivered on time.
SDLC
Project Creation Stages in Practice
Every professional project goes through the same steps. Skipping any of them is almost a guarantee of future errors.
Analysis and Planning
Gathering requirements from the client. We determine what the system should do and if we have the budget.
Design
Creating the architecture, database schemas, and interface looks (UI/UX).
Implementation
The main stage: developers write the code based on the previously prepared designs.
Testing
Testers look for bugs and ensure the application meets all client expectations.
Deployment and Maintenance
Launching the system for users and fixing bugs reported after the release.
Development Models: Waterfall vs Agile
How a team moves through the above stages depends on the chosen work model. This is a key topic for technical exams.
| Cecha | Feature | Waterfall Model |
|---|---|---|
| Structure | Rigid, linear (step-by-step) | Flexible, iterative (loops) |
| Changes | Very difficult to implement | Welcome at any time |
| Final Result | Visible only at the very end of the project | Delivered in parts (sprints) |
Common Mistakes and Pitfalls
Starting coding too early
Missing the testing phase
Example: Planning Shift in Agile
See how the approach to a task differs depending on the work model:
1Plan: Build the entire online store in 8 months (Waterfall).
1Sprint 1: Login. Sprint 2: Product list. Sprint 3: Cart (Agile).
Pro Tips
Build an MVP (Minimum Viable Product)
Project Startup Checklist
What do you need to know before starting?
0/4Quiz: Check your knowledge
Which SDLC stage handles the creation of the physical database structure?
SDLC Process Diagram
What next?
- Learn more about Scrum methodology and working in short sprints.
- Familiarize yourself with User Stories for describing tasks.
- Check how User Acceptance Testing (UAT) works.
- Read about the System Analyst's role in the SDLC process.
- Review INF.04 exam papers for questions on development models.
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